📚 Uttar Pradesh Forest Guard – Quantitative Aptitude
Topic: Caselets
What is a Caselet?
A caselet is a mini‑story that hides a small math problem inside.
It looks like a short paragraph, with a few numbers, and asks you to find a missing value.
1️⃣ Why Caselets Matter
| Reason | Everyday Analogy |
|---|---|
| Practice real‑world math | Reading a grocery bill and figuring out the total. |
| Tests reading skill | Understanding a recipe and spotting the missing ingredient. |
| Builds quick‑thinking | Solving a puzzle in 30 seconds before the exam starts. |
2️⃣ How to Tackle a Caselet (Step‑by‑Step)
| Step | What to Do | Quick Tip |
|---|---|---|
| 1️⃣ Read Carefully | Read the whole paragraph once, then again. | Look for words like total, difference, gain, loss. |
| 2️⃣ Highlight Numbers | Write down every number you see. | Use a pencil or underline in your head. |
| 3️⃣ Identify the Unknown | Decide what you need to find. | “Find the number of…”, “What was the price?” |
| 4️⃣ Write the Relationship | Turn the story into a simple equation. | “Total = Part1 + Part2” or “Profit = (Selling‑Price – Cost) ÷ Cost × 100%”. |
| 5️⃣ Solve | Do the arithmetic, one step at a time. | Keep the numbers small; round only at the end. |
| 6️⃣ Check | Plug the answer back into the story. | Does it make sense? |
Remember:
Every number in the story is a clue.
Don’t skip any step; even a tiny mistake can change the result.
3️⃣ Common Types of Caselets
| Type | Example |
|---|---|
| Profit & Loss | “A shopkeeper sold 20% of his goods at 10% profit and the rest at 5% loss.” |
| Rate, Time & Distance | “A man travelled 60 km in 2 hours and the rest in 3 hours.” |
| Percentage of a Total | “30% of the students scored above 90.” |
| Simple Addition/Subtraction | “A farmer had 50 apples, sold 15, and had 35 left.” |
4️⃣ Tiny Example – “A Quick Fruit Sale”
Story
“Ravi bought 12 apples for ₹48. He sold 8 apples at a 25% profit. The rest he sold at a 10% loss. Find the total profit (or loss) on the whole sale.”
| What’s given? | Numbers |
|---|---|
| Apples bought | 12 |
| Total cost | ₹48 |
| Apples sold at profit | 8 |
| Profit % on those | 25% |
| Apples sold at loss | 4 (12‑8) |
| Loss % on those | 10% |
Step‑by‑Step
-
Cost price per apple
[ \text{Cost per apple} = \frac{₹48}{12} = ₹4 ] -
Selling price of 8 apples (25% profit)
[ \text{Selling price per apple} = ₹4 \times (1+0.25) = ₹5 ] [ \text{Total for 8 apples} = 8 \times ₹5 = ₹40 ] -
Selling price of 4 apples (10% loss)
[ \text{Selling price per apple} = ₹4 \times (1-0.10) = ₹3.60 ] [ \text{Total for 4 apples} = 4 \times ₹3.60 = ₹14.40 ] -
Total selling price
[ ₹40 + ₹14.40 =